Technology of the Paralympics
In occupational therapy, our practice is deeply rooted in theory, with various models guiding our understanding and approach. One key model I frequently use is the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance (PEOP) model. This model highlights the dynamic interaction between intrinsic factors (such as a person’s disability) and their environment (including social, physical, and cultural aspects). These combined factors significantly influence an individual’s success or challenges in engaging in their chosen occupations.
For instance, consider a person who is blind and faces significant challenges when using a computer. By modifying their environment—such as incorporating a text-to-speech aid—their ability to perform this task is greatly enhanced, allowing for improved occupational performance. The PEOP model helps us recognize and address these interactions, ensuring that our interventions are both effective and meaningful.
The PEOP model details the relationship between an individuals intrinsic factors v their external environment. This dynamic model can assist in detailing how to support an individual to create a holistic positive to improve their wellbeing and quality of life.
Applying the PEOP model to the incredible Paralympic athletes competing in Paris reveals remarkable adaptations that enhance elite sporting performance. Below, you'll find a series of photos showcasing some of these ingenious modifications, which empower these athletes to compete at their highest level.
This image features K. Kimura alongside a 'tapper' device, which is used to help the athlete recognize when a turn is approaching. This device provides crucial timing cues, enabling the athlete to navigate the race with precision.
Here, we see S. Sarina competing in wheelchair badminton. Notice the two additional small wheels at the rear of the chair. These wheels are essential for supporting the significant lean needed to execute the shot shown. Without them, the chair would likely tip backward, making it difficult for the athlete to maintain balance and control.
Australian athlete Vanessa Low competes in the T42 classification, where she won gold at the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games. As a double leg amputee, she utilizes blade-style prosthetic legs, which provide the agility and power needed for elite-level competition.
Athletes also rely on guides as extrinsic aids to enhance their performance. These aids include riding tandem bikes, running with athlete guides, and using devices to assist with swimming positions for optimal push-off from the blocks. One of Weave's favorites is the guides for blind long jumpers—where a guide yells and claps to help the athlete gauge their jump point. This requires an incredibly trusting and close relationship, ensuring the athlete can perform with precision and confidence.
Weave has been thoroughly enjoying watching the Paralympics, cheering on the athletes, and marveling at the ingenious modifications in place to support their performances. Australia is having a successful event, with a medal haul as follows at the time of writing:
6 gold
6 silver
10 bronze
Australia is currently ranked 6th overall on the medal tally
